Restless Legs Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Potential Solutions
By: Brian Hoeflinger, MD
September 29, 2024 | #17
Disclaimer: Opinions are my own. Not medical advice.
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) is a neurologic disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs, particularly in the evening and nighttime hours. It is estimated that approximately 10% of the U.S. population—over 30 million people—suffer from RLS. While it can affect individuals at any age, it is more common in those over the age of 50.
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Symptoms of RLS
Individuals with RLS often describe uncomfortable sensations in their legs that prompt the need for movement. These sensations can include:
- Itching
- Aching
- Burning
- Throbbing
- Pulling
- Crawling
These symptoms are typically worse during periods of rest and improve with leg movement. In some cases, the legs may twitch or jerk at night or while sleeping, often leading to sleep disruptions.
The impact of these symptoms can be significant, causing:
- Difficulty staying asleep
- Fatigue
- Daytime sleepiness
- Mood changes, including depression and anxiety
The Causes
The exact cause of RLS remains unclear, though research suggests it may be linked to the basal ganglia, a part of the brain that regulates muscle movement. An imbalance in the brain chemical dopamine could interfere with this function, contributing to RLS.
Certain conditions and factors can also increase the risk of developing RLS, including:
- Low iron levels
- Diabetes
- Kidney disease
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Increased use of alcohol, caffeine, or nicotine
- Certain medications, such as antinausea, antihistamines, and antidepressants
- Stress
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you suspect you may have RLS, it is important to consult your doctor. Diagnosis is usually based on a thorough medical history, physical exam, and a detailed description of your symptoms. Your doctor may also rule out other conditions or medications that could mimic RLS.
Treatment options include:
- Medications prescribed by your doctor
- Iron supplements if low iron is contributing to the issue
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Home therapies, such as:
- Regular exercise
- Warm baths
- Heating pads or cold compresses
- Reducing caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine intake before bed
- Stress reduction techniques
If immediate relief is needed, try moving your legs, walking, or massaging and stretching your legs. However, if home remedies aren't enough and your symptoms persist, be sure to contact your doctor for further evaluation.
Impactful Quote of the Week
"What if someone despises me? Let them see to it. But I will see to it that I won't be found doing or saying anything contemptible. What if someone hates me? Let them see to that. But I will see to it that I'm kind and good-natured to all"
- Marcus Aurelius, Meditations
All the best,
Brian Hoeflinger
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